A parent tells you that their preschool-aged child loves using a smartphone, iPad, computer games, or watching tv. The parent is not sure if it is appropriate for their child and wants to learn more.
Explain at least 2 or 3 research-based findings about the effects of media use on a preschool-aged child (3 to 5 years of age). Provide at least 1 or 2 recommendations for the parent regarding the appropriate use of media for a child in this stage
Media use on Preschool-aged Child
When discussing media use for preschool-aged children (3 to 5 years), it’s important to consider both the potential benefits and drawbacks of screen time. Here are some research-based findings and recommendations for the parent:
Research-Based Findings
- Cognitive Development: Research indicates that high-quality educational content can positively impact cognitive development. For instance, a study published in Child Development found that children who engaged with educational media showed improvements in vocabulary and literacy skills compared to those who did not. However, the content must be age-appropriate and designed for young children.
- Social and Emotional Effects: Excessive screen time has been linked to social and emotional challenges. A study in Pediatrics revealed that children who spend more than two hours a day on screens are at a higher risk of behavioral issues, such as increased aggression and decreased social interaction skills. Interaction with peers and caregivers is crucial during this developmental stage, and excessive media use can limit those opportunities.
- Physical Health: Extended screen time can contribute to sedentary behavior, which is associated with obesity and related health issues. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends limiting screen time to ensure children engage in physical activity and play, which are essential for healthy growth.
Recommendations
- Set Time Limits: The AAP suggests that children aged 2 to 5 should have no more than one hour of high-quality programming per day. Encourage the parent to set clear limits on screen time and choose content that is educational and promotes learning.
- Encourage Interactive Use: Recommend that the parent engage with their child during media use. Watching programs together and discussing the content can enhance learning and provide opportunities for social interaction. Interactive media that promotes engagement (like educational apps or games) can be beneficial if used thoughtfully.
- Prioritize Active Play: Emphasize the importance of physical activity and unstructured playtime. Encourage the parent to ensure that their child has plenty of opportunities to play outside, engage in creative activities, and interact with peers to support overall development.
By balancing screen time with active play and ensuring high-quality content, parents can help their preschool-aged children benefit from media while mitigating potential risks.